What term is used for the needs that must be met in order to sustain life?

The term that refers to the needs essential for sustaining life is physiological needs. These needs encompass the basic requirements for human survival, including air, water, food, shelter, sleep, and clothing. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs are at the bottom of the pyramid, indicating their foundational importance. They must be satisfied before individuals can focus on higher-level needs, such as safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

Recognizing physiological needs underscores their critical role in maintaining health and well-being. When these needs are unmet, a person may struggle to function effectively in daily life, emphasizing why they are considered the most fundamental human requirements.